Major cities around the world are battling extreme heat. As unusual weather patterns persist, heatwave warnings are being issued earlier than ever. Traditionally, the hottest months are July and August, but heat waves now seem to start sooner. As the frequency and intensity of heat waves increase, preparation becomes even more critical.
It’s not just about high temperatures
During what is being called the hottest summer in history, these heatwaves don’t just signify high temperatures. They should be recognized as climate phenomena that can deeply impact our daily lives. Experts attribute these heat waves to global warming and the El Niño effect.
Extreme heat grips the planet
In the U.S., more than half the population is under the influence of heat waves around 40°C (104°F). In Greece, tourists have tragically died while walking in the heat. As the hottest days on record continue, these weather anomalies are expected to become increasingly frequent.
Do you know about the heat dome phenomenon?
The cause of these record-breaking heat waves is the heat dome phenomenon. A heat dome occurs when the jet stream, which usually mixes cold and warm air between the troposphere and the stratosphere, weakens. This allows high pressure to trap the hot air beneath it like a roof, preventing the heat from escaping upward. The Korean Peninsula is also experiencing a heat dome, as high pressure that developed in Tibet moves over China and Korea, making the middle and lower troposphere over Korea hot and humid.
The heat dome phenomenon results from global warming
Global warming refers to the rise in ocean and air temperatures near the Earth’s surface. It signifies that the planet is getting warmer. Since the Industrial Revolution, increased energy consumption has reduced the amount of heat that should escape into space, leading to global warming. This phenomenon repeats itself each year, resulting in abnormal heat waves in summer and unusual cold snaps in winter.
The main culprit behind global warming
It’s widely known that greenhouse gas emissions are the primary cause of global warming. Coal, oil, and natural gas combustion increases carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, raising the Earth’s temperature. The El Niño phenomenon, which occurs due to rising sea surface temperatures in the Pacific, is also known to contribute to global climate change.
What happens if heat waves persist?
When sea surface temperatures rise, marine life becomes less diverse. As carbon dioxide levels increase, the oceans become more acidic, decreasing marine life. Seawater infiltrates groundwater, increasing salinity and making it difficult to use water for drinking and agriculture. This can eventually lead to water pollution.
Changes in the length of seasons
The effects of global warming are not limited to extreme weather events but also bring changes in the length of seasons. Summers are getting longer while winters are becoming shorter. South Korea, known for its distinct four seasons, has seen summer extend by about 20 to 30 days, while winter has shortened by a similar amount due to the accelerating pace of global warming.
Heat waves impact the economy, too
Heatwaves cause economic damage, including reduced agricultural productivity, increased energy consumption, and decreased industrial activity. When crop growth suffers, it results in higher prices for agricultural products. Also, surging electricity demand can drive utility bills and increase the risk of power outages due to shortages.
What can we do?
Global warming is a challenge that everyone around the world must address. Efforts from individuals, businesses, and governments are all necessary. For individuals, efforts can include saving energy, practicing eco-friendly consumption, and living a low-carbon lifestyle. More specifically, this could mean reducing takeout orders, using reusable bags instead of plastic ones, and minimizing the use of disposable products. While these efforts may seem abstract and slow to yield results, if everyone commits to taking action, even small efforts can combine to create significant change.
How to cope with heat waves
To stay cool indoors, use air conditioning and fans wisely and wear lightweight, breathable clothing to help regulate body temperature. Avoid direct sunlight and wear hats and sunglasses to protect your skin and eyes when going outside. If possible, avoid outdoor activities during the peak heat hours of the afternoon.
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