Some individuals experience a frequent urge to urinate that disrupts their daily lives. While it might be tempting to attribute this simply to drinking too much water, it’s important to consider the possibility of an overactive bladder (OAB). Let’s explore the symptoms of OAB and how to manage it.
For adults, the average frequency of urination is about 4 to 6 times a day. However, if someone finds themselves urinating more than 8 times a day, it may be necessary to consider the possibility of an overactive bladder.
An overactive bladder occurs when the pressure in the bladder exceeds that of the urethra. While the exact cause remains unclear, aging is often identified as a primary factor. As people age, the nerves that transmit signals for urination and the bladder muscles may weaken.
It’s also important to note that overactive bladder can occur in individuals of all ages, so being younger does not eliminate the risk of developing this condition.
According to the Korean Continence Society, the main symptoms of an overactive bladder include frequent trips to the restroom that disrupt daily life, an inability to hold urine when the urge arises, and instances of leaking before reaching the toilet, which can lead to accidents. Some individuals may need to use the restroom more than twice at night.
Improving lifestyle habits is essential to alleviating symptoms of overactive bladder. First, it’s advisable to reduce the intake of caffeine and alcohol. Caffeine can increase urine output and stimulate the bladder muscles, potentially worsening symptoms. Similarly, alcohol can promote diuresis, leading to more frequent and urgent urination.
Drinking too much water can lead to frequent urination, but conversely, not drinking enough can concentrate urine in the bladder, potentially irritating. Maintaining a daily water intake between 1,000 and 2,400 mL (34 to 81 ounces) is advisable.
Pelvic floor exercises can also help alleviate symptoms of overactive bladder. Strengthening the pelvic floor muscles provides better support for the bladder and urethra, helping to maintain their proper position and elasticity.
The exercise is straightforward. Begin by contracting the muscles as if you are trying to hold back a bowel movement. Maintain this contraction for 6 to 8 seconds, then gradually relax. Complete 8 to 12 repetitions for one set.
At the end of each set, quickly contract and relax the anal muscles 5 to 10 times to finish. It is recommended to perform 5 sets each day.
If lifestyle changes do not significantly improve symptoms, medications that reduce bladder sensitivity or Botox injections may be considered. Botox injections help relax the bladder muscles, reducing the frequency of urination.
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