Women are more susceptible to certain health conditions than men, mainly due to hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause. Regular health check-ups and awareness are key to managing these risks.
Thyroid Disorders
Thyroid disorders are more common in women. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, and women are particularly vulnerable to thyroid issues due to significant hormonal changes during pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause.
According to 2018 data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service, women were 5.3 times more likely to be diagnosed with hypothyroidism and 4.5 times more likely to develop thyroid cancer than men. While these conditions have higher prevalence rates in women, the prognosis is generally better, leading to fewer cases requiring surgery.
Osteoarthritis and Osteoporosis
Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are also more prevalent in women. Women are 2.3 times more likely than men to suffer from knee pain caused by degenerative arthritis. Hormonal changes after menopause weaken cartilage, while women’s pelvic structure and domestic labor contribute to the higher incidence.
In 2023, women accounted for 95.6% of osteoporosis cases. Weak bones significantly increase the risk of fractures, underscoring the importance of proactive bone health management.
Varicose Veins
Varicose veins, characterized by swollen, twisted veins in the legs, are another condition more common in women. In 2023, more than 173,000 women were treated for varicose veins, more than double the number of men.
Pregnancy is a major factor, as the growing uterus can impede blood flow in the lower body. While some improvement may occur postpartum, varicose veins can persist and worsen. If visible vein bulges appear, seeking a proper medical evaluation is essential.
Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry eyes are a minor inconvenience and a prevalent condition among women. In 2023, approximately 1.8 million women sought treatment for tear system disorders, nearly twice the number of men. Hormonal changes and autonomic nervous system activity significantly influence tear production.
Research from Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital indicates that women with irregular menstrual cycles may have abnormal hormone levels that increase the risk of dry eye syndrome.
Melasma
Melasma, a pigmentation disorder, is much more common in women. In 2023, 2,614 women visited dermatologists for melasma, compared to just 336 men. While ultraviolet (UV) exposure is a primary cause, hormonal changes also play a significant role.
Symptoms often peak in women during their 30s and 40s but tend to subside after menopause. Pregnant women and those taking hormonal contraceptives are particularly susceptible. Prevention measures include diligent use of sunscreen and stress management.
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